Linux/UNIX command
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Description
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MS-DOS equivalent
|
|
./foo |
start foo (allocated in current dir.) |
foo |
|
/ ¯ |
previous / next command |
doskey |
|
cd x (or cd /x) |
go to directory x |
cd |
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cd .. (or cd ../ or cd /..)
|
go down one directory |
cd.. |
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x then [tab] <beep> [tab]
|
view all commands starting with x |
- |
|
adduser |
add a user to the system |
/ |
|
ls (or dir) |
list a directory |
dir |
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cat |
view a textfile on the terminal |
type |
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mv x y |
move or rename file x to file y |
move |
|
cp x y |
copy file x to file y |
copy |
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rm x |
delete a file |
del |
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mkdir x |
make a directory |
md |
|
rmdir x |
remove a directory |
rd |
|
rm -r x |
remove directory x and all its underlying files |
deltree |
|
rm p |
remove a package |
- |
|
df (or df x) |
Show free space on device x |
chkdsk ? |
|
top |
view memory status (q to quit) |
mem |
|
man x |
get a manual page about command x |
/ |
|
less x |
view text file x (note that the more filter works under
Linux too!) |
type x |more |
|
echo |
print something on the screen |
echo |
|
mc |
Norton Commander for UNIX |
nc |
|
mount |
to couple a device (e.g. CD-ROM, umount to uncouple)
|
- |
|
halt |
to shutdown |
- |
|
reboot ([ctrl] + [alt] + [del]) |
to restart |
[ctrl] + [alt] + [del] |
| chmod
<permissions> <file> |
Change file permissions |
|
ls -l x |
Perform a detailed directory listing for file x |
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ln -s x y |
Make a symbolic link from x to y |
|
find x -name y -print |
find file y, begin the search from within directory
x and print the results to the screen |
|
ps |
to view all running processes |
|
kill x |
to terminate process x (x is PID from
ps) |
|
[alt] + F1 - F7 |
switch to terminal 1 - 7 (in text terminal; F7 = X-Windows
(when started)) |
|
[ctrl] + [alt] + F1 - F6 |
to switch to text terminal 1 - 6 (in X-windows) |